A leaking water heater can be a homeowner’s nightmare. When you notice puddles of water around your water heater or hear the constant sound of dripping, it can be easy to feel overwhelmed. However, understanding the causes of water heater leaks, knowing how to handle the situation, and knowing when to call a professional plumber can save you time and money and prevent further damage to your home.
At A&D Plumbing, we understand that water heater leaks aren’t just inconvenient — they can lead to extensive water damage, higher utility bills, and sometimes even hazardous situations. Fortunately, by taking swift action and recognizing when to call for help, you can tackle a leaking water heater effectively and prevent larger issues from arising. In this guide, we’ll walk you through common causes of water heater leaks, how to address them, and the steps you should take to keep your home’s plumbing system in top condition.
Why Is My Water Heater Leaking?
Water heaters can last a long time — typically between 10 to 15 years — but like all appliances, they do wear out over time. A leaking water heater can result from several common issues. Understanding these can help you determine whether it’s a simple fix or if a more significant issue is at play.
1. Age and Wear
As your water heater ages, its internal components can weaken and corrode. In older units, the tank may begin to deteriorate, leading to leaks. If your water heater is more than 10-15 years old and it’s leaking from the tank, it’s likely that the internal components have started to wear out, and replacement may be necessary.
2. Loose or Faulty Connections
Water heaters are connected to the plumbing system via inlet and outlet pipes. Over time, the connections to these pipes can become loose, or the seals may degrade. This is especially true for the cold and hot water supply lines or the pressure relief valve. A loose connection or a faulty valve can cause significant leaks, but these issues are often easy to fix with a wrench or by replacing the damaged valve.
3. Sediment Buildup
Sediment can accumulate in the bottom of your water heater’s tank, especially in homes with hard water. This buildup can cause damage to the tank over time. If left untreated, sediment can lead to overheating, corrosion, and even cracking of the tank, which results in leaks. Flushing the tank regularly can prevent sediment from building up and damaging your water heater.
4. Pressure Relief Valve Issues
The pressure relief valve, or TPR valve, is a critical safety feature that helps maintain safe pressure levels inside the tank. If the water pressure inside the tank gets too high, the TPR valve is designed to release excess water. A malfunctioning TPR valve may leak continuously or intermittently. When this happens, you may need to replace the valve to ensure safe operation.
5. Internal Tank Damage
When your water heater’s tank is damaged, it’s often caused by corrosion or internal wear. The damage may not be visible on the outside of the tank, but the internal components may have deteriorated. If your water heater is leaking from the bottom or along the sides, it may be a sign of internal damage. Unfortunately, if the tank is leaking, the water heater likely needs to be replaced.
What to Do When You Discover a Leak
If you find a leak around your water heater, it’s essential to act quickly. Not only can water damage harm your floors, walls, and foundation, but it can also increase your energy bills due to water wastage. Here are the critical steps you should take when you notice a leak:
1. Turn Off the Power and Water Supply
Safety should always be your first priority. If you have an electric water heater, turn off the power at the breaker panel. For gas water heaters, turn off the gas supply to prevent any fire hazards. This will prevent further damage or possible electrical issues while you inspect the leak.
Next, you should shut off the water supply to the heater to prevent more water from entering the tank. Most water heaters have a dedicated cold water shutoff valve located above the tank. If you can’t find the valve, you can always turn off the main water supply to your home.
2. Identify the Source of the Leak
Once the water and power supply are off, inspect the area around the tank to identify the source of the leak. If the leak is coming from the top, it’s likely due to a loose connection or a faulty valve. Leaks from the bottom or sides of the tank usually indicate internal damage or a crack. If the leak is coming from the pressure relief valve, the valve may need to be replaced.
3. Drain the Water Heater
If the leak is significant and you need to stop the flow of water, you may need to drain the water heater. This step is especially important if water is pooling around the unit. You can drain the water by attaching a hose to the drain valve at the bottom of the tank and directing the water to a drain or an outdoor location. Be sure to be cautious, as the water inside may still be hot.
4. Call a Professional Plumber
While there are some DIY solutions you can try, a leaking water heater often requires the expertise of a licensed plumber. If the source of the leak is unclear or you suspect internal damage to the tank, don’t attempt to fix it yourself. A professional plumber from A&D Plumbing can accurately diagnose the issue and recommend the best course of action, whether that involves repairing the existing water heater or replacing it entirely.
DIY Fixes for a Leaking Water Heater
While some water heater leaks are best left to professionals, certain issues can be handled with basic tools and a little know-how. If you feel comfortable with DIY repairs, here are a few simple fixes to try:
1. Tightening Loose Connections
If the leak is coming from a loose connection, use a wrench to tighten the connections on the inlet and outlet pipes. Be careful not to overtighten, as this can cause damage to the pipes or fittings.
2. Replacing the Pressure Relief Valve
If you notice that the pressure relief valve is leaking, replacing the valve is a relatively simple process. You’ll need to drain the tank and remove the old valve before installing a new one. Be sure to select the correct replacement valve for your model, and if you’re unsure, it’s always best to consult a plumber.
3. Flushing the Tank
Sediment buildup is a common cause of leaks in water heaters. You can extend the lifespan of your unit and reduce the likelihood of leaks by flushing the tank regularly. Simply connect a hose to the drain valve and let the water flow out to remove any debris. You should flush your tank at least once a year, especially if you have hard water.
4. Replacing the Anode Rod
The anode rod helps prevent corrosion inside your water heater by attracting corrosive elements. Over time, the anode rod can wear out and become less effective. Replacing it can help protect the tank and extend the life of your water heater.
When to Replace Your Water Heater
If your water heater is leaking from the tank, it’s usually a sign that it needs to be replaced. Even if the leak is minor, internal tank damage can worsen over time and lead to more severe problems. Here are a few signs that indicate your water heater may need replacing:
- Age of the Unit: Water heaters typically last 10 to 15 years. If your unit is older than that and leaking, it’s likely time for a replacement.
- Corrosion or Rust: If you see rust or corrosion around the tank, it could indicate that the tank is deteriorating. This often means that the unit is no longer safe or effective.
- Frequent Repairs: If you’re frequently repairing the same water heater, it may be more cost-effective to replace it rather than continuing with repairs.
- No Hot Water: If your water heater is no longer producing hot water, even after repairs, it might be time for a replacement.
If you find that your water heater is beyond repair, A&D Plumbing can help. We offer expert water heater replacement services and will guide you in selecting the perfect unit for your home and needs.
Prevent Future Leaks with Regular Maintenance
The best way to prevent a leaking water heater is to perform regular maintenance. A little preventive care can go a long way in keeping your water heater running smoothly and extending its lifespan. Here are some tips for maintaining your water heater:
- Flush the Tank Annually: Flushing the tank annually can help remove sediment buildup and keep your water heater running efficiently.
- Inspect the Anode Rod: Check your anode rod regularly to ensure it works correctly. Replacing it when necessary can help protect your water heater from corrosion.
- Check the Temperature Setting: Set the thermostat to 120°F to avoid overheating and reduce stress on the unit.
- Professional Inspections: Have a professional plumber inspect your water heater once every few years to ensure everything is in good working order.
Contact A&D Plumbing for Water Heater Repair and Replacement
If you’ve discovered a leaky water heater or are experiencing other issues with your water heater, don’t hesitate to call A&D Plumbing. Our licensed, experienced plumbers can help you identify the cause of the leak, provide repairs, or offer a full replacement if necessary. We understand the importance of having a reliable water heater, and we’re here to make sure your home stays warm and comfortable all year round.
Contact us today or schedule an appointment online for expert water heater services!